explain是什么意思

【www.jinghuajt.com--中考作文真题】

explain是什么意思篇(一):单词king的中文是什么意思

　　king这一个英文单词虽说在日常生活中不常用，但是也是要清楚它的中文意思是什么的。为此百分网小编为大家带来英文单词king的中文意思。
　　单词king的中文意思
　　英 [kɪŋ]　美 [kɪŋ]
　　名词 国王; (纸牌中的)老K,(国际象棋的)王; …之王
　　及物动词 立…为王
　　形容词 巨型的
　　网络解释
　　1. king：knowledge innovation national grid; 台湾知识格网计画
　　2. king：knowledge innovationnational grid; 台湾知识创新格网
　　3. king：kanji information generator; 汉字信息发生器
　　1. They made him king of England.
　　他们拥戴他为英国国王。
　　2. He is a steel king.
　　他是钢铁大王。
　　单词king的单语例句
　　1. Though many have welcomed his appointment by King Memorial Foundation, others view it differently.
　　2. Following a parade of athletes representing 13 teams, the Games was declared open by King George of Greece.
　　3. The " king fir " has become a symbol of Xishui and has been designated by many forestry experts as a rare tree.
　　4. The chariot was one of several found by archeologist Howard Carter when he discovered King Tut"s tomb in 1922.
　　5. Saudi King Abdullah Saturday appointed a woman to the council of ministers for the first time as part of a wide ranging Cabinet reshuffle.
　　6. The singer adds peace campaigners John Lennon and Martin Luther King to a roll call of individuals she emulates.
　　7. Cambodia on Wednesday deported a Chinese woman convicted of desecrating photos of the country"s recently deceased former king in front of enraged factory workers.
　　8. They have traveled far since six choral scholars from King"s College in Cambridge began singing together in 1968.
　　单词king的双语例句
　　1. After whom is the king of Israel come out?
　　24：14 以色列王出来要寻梢谁呢。
　　2. Owing to subjective errors and internal contradictions, it sometimes happened that he completely lost an excellent or fairly good position in which he enjoyed superiority and ipitiative, and became a general without an army or a king without a kingdom.
　　由于其主观错误和内部矛盾，可以将其很好的或较好的优势和主动地位，完全丧失，化为败军之将，亡国之君。
　　3. Before the king`s desk, he just bid a simple salute of warrior to him and then stood steadily there, feet posing as T-shape.
　　到了文王桌前，他只简单地行个武士礼就以丁字步，稳稳地站在那儿。
　　4. The Old Dragon King offers him a magic iron rod so powerful that it holds down the ocean floor and so magical that it is capable of changing from the size of a needle to the size of a mountain.
　　老龙王提供他的魔术棒铁如此强大，它拥有下来，洋底及其底土，使神奇的，它是有能力改变从大小相当于一针的大小山。
　　5. Because a greater spirit, and knowledge, and understanding, and interpretation of dreams, and shewing of secrets, and resolving of difficult things, were found in him, that is, in Daniel: whom the king named Baltarsar.
　　就因为在他身上具有一种卓越的精神、学识和聪敏，能详解梦境，释谜破惑;君王就将达尼尔的名字改作贝耳特沙匝。
　　6. Because of the extraordinary mind possessed by this Daniel, whom the king named Belteshazzar. He knew and understood how to interpret dreams, explain enigmas, and solve difficulties.
　　就因为在他身上具有一种卓越的精神、学识和聪敏，能详解梦境，释谜破惑;君王就将他达尼尔的名字改作贝耳特沙匝。
　　7. In these lakes you"`ll have the opportunity to catch huge King Salmon, Pink Salmon, Chum Salmon, Rainbow Trout, and Northern Pikes.
　　这些湖泊you""ll有机会捕捉鲑巨景、粉红鲑、大麻哈鱼、虹鳟、北方狗鱼。
　　8. And when he was king he cut off all the house of Jeroboam: he left not so much as one soul of his seed, till he had utterly destroyed him, according to the word of the Lord, which he had spoken in the hand of Ahias the Silonite
　　他登极后，立即杀了雅洛贝罕全家;凡属雅洛贝罕家中的人，没有留下一个，都杀绝了：这正应验了上主借他仆人史罗人阿希雅所说的话。

explain是什么意思篇(二):宾语从句的语法意义是什么及结构

　　学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：引导词、语序和时态。下面是百分网小编给大家整理的宾语从句的语法意义简介，希望能帮到大家!
　　宾语从句的意义
　　宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。宾语从句通常由连词(that， whether， if)、连接代词(which， what， who， whose， whom)或连接副词(where， how， when， why)等引导。及物动词、介词或某些系表结构后可带宾语从句。
　　句型结构：主语+谓语+引导词+主语+谓语(+其他成分)
　　宾语从句时态
　　主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。
　　例句：The headmaster hopes everything goes well.
　　主句是一般过去时，从句须用过去时态的某种形式。
　　例句：She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time.
　　当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实真理时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。
　　例句：The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.
　　宾语从句特点
　　宾语从句可以作及物动词、介词及形容词的宾语。
　　宾语从句的语序一律用陈述句语序。
　　连接词that引导宾语从句在句中无词义，不充当句子成分，多数情况下可以省略。
　　whether 和 if 都可引导宾语从句，但 whether后可紧跟or not;whether从句可作介词的宾语。
　　如果从句太长，可以用形式宾语it.
　　补充：宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.
　　分类：宾语从句分为三类:
　　(1)动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.时态：1·主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时。 2·主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。 3·主句用过去时，从句是真理时，只用一般现在时。
　　(2)宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句.
　　He told that he would go to the college the next year他告诉我他下一年上大学.
　　I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否还会有公交车.
　　Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.没人知道他是否会通过考试.
　　连接代词连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.
　　Do you know who has won this game?你知道谁赢了这一局游戏吗?
　　I don’t know whom you should depend on.我不知道你该依靠谁.
　　The book will show you what the best CEOs know.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么.
　　Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗?
　　连接副词连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.
　　He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.
　　Could you please tell me how you read the new panel?你能展示给我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?
　　None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.
　　(3)动词的宾语从句大多数动词都可以带宾语从句
　　We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.
　　He told us that they would help us through the whole work.他告诉我们在整个工作中,他都会帮忙的.
　　部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句
　　I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.
　　Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip?你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?
　　动词短语也可以带宾语从句常见的这些词有:make sure确保 make up one’s mind下决心 keep in mind牢记
　　Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.
　　可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句
　　①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.
　　I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.
　　I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.
　　I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天写日记成了习惯.
　　We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater. 我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.
　　②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.
　　I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of food.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.
　　He will have it that our plan is really practical.他会认为我们的计划确实可行.
　　We take it that you will agree with us.我们认为你会同意我们的.
　　When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.
　　③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替
　　We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.
　　We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的.
　　3.介词的宾语从句用wh-类的介词宾语从句
　　We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.
　　The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升如太空的.
　　用that,if引导的介词宾语从句有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句
　　I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.
　　4.形容词的宾语从句常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprisedI am sure
　　I will pass the exam.我确信我会通过考试.
　　I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.
　　He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.
　　5.if,whether在宾语从句中的区别
　　①if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if
　　②少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether.
　　③whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.
　　④在不定式前只能用whether.如： I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。
　　⑤避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if.
　　6.哪些宾语从句不可以省略引导词that当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时;当宾语从句较长时;当主语状语置于主句尾,宾语从句之前时;当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时;当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可以省略;当宾语从句中的主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语时;当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时;当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时;当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时;当宾语从句有it做其先行词时;在直接引语中,转述分句把宾语从句隔开时
　　宾语从句的否定转移主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.
　　I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party.我认为他不会来我的舞会.
　　I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he?我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是?如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.
　　We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully,does he?我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是?
　　宾语从句的时态和语序当主句为现在时或将来时的时候,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.当主句为过去时的时候
　　①从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生
　　I only knew he was studying in a western country,but I didn’t know what country he was in.我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书,可不知道是哪个国家.
　　He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in.他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读<老人与海>.
　　②从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前
　　He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉的了Mary.
　　③从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后
　　The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do.记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱.
　　如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时候不根据主句的时态而变化
　　The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday.老师昨天说月亮绕着地球转.
　　当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首
　　Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year?你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手
　　宾语从句，即：在主句中担当宾语的从句。学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。 连接词一般都是that(指事务或人),which(指事),who(指人)
　　1.从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。
　　2.从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if或whether。在whether…ornot结构中不能用if替换。
　　3.从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、副词作连接词。
　　注意：当who为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他三：判断时态情况：
　　1。主句是一般现在时，从句为各种时态情况
　　2。主句是一般过去时，从句为各种相应过去时态注意：从句描绘客观事实，用一般现在时
　　1. The teacher told the children that the sun____ round. 【A. was B. is C. were D. are】
　　2. I believe that our team____ the basketball match.【 A. win B. won C. will win D. wins 】
　　3. I don’t know____ to visit the old man. 【A. whether B. if C. that D. who】 The soldiers soon reached( )was once an old temple( )the villagers used as a school. 【A.which;where B.what;which C.where;which D.what;where】
　　答：选B，动词reach后接宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，where不可，which引导宾语从句时表疑问含义“哪一个…”而此句中并非疑问含义，不知道哪一座庙宇，而是用what从句表陈述含义，意“过去的一座旧庙宇”;temple后为对其修饰的定语从句，用关系代词which代替，并在从句中作动词used的宾语，use sth. as…“把…用作…whether + or not 宾语从句，在复合句中作宾语，位于及物动词后;
　　eg. Tell him which class you are in . Do you know what he likes?
　　注：(1)主、从句时态一致： 主句谓语过去时，从句相应过去时; He answered that he was listening to me. 主句谓语现在时，从句时态任所需;
　　eg. He says (that) he will leave a message on my desk. They know (that) he is working hard. 具体过去永不变，真理格言现在时;
　　eg. He told me that he was born in 1980. Father told me that practice makes perfect .
　　(2)否定前移，及完成反意问句; 在think / believe / suppose / guess / imagine / expect等动词后跟宾语从句否定式时，应转移到主句上去，完成反意问句时，应与从句主、谓保持一致。(注: 否定前移的条件是，主句主语是第一人称)
　　eg. I don"t think you are right ,are you ? I don"t believe they have finished their work yet,have they ?
　　(3)在表示建议 suggest , advise 要求demand 、desire、require、request、propose; 决定 decide; 命令 order、command; 坚决主张 insist; 等动词后跟宾语从句，用(should)+v.(虚拟语气)
　　eg. I suggested that you(should)study hard. He ordered that we should go out at once.
　　(4)如果宾语从句后有宾语补语，用it作形式宾语，把宾语从句后置
　　eg.You may think it strange that he would live there.
　　(5)宾语从句that常可省略，但在以下情况下不能省略
　　A.当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，可以省略第一个that，其他不能省略。
　　eg.I believe(that)you have done your best and that things will get bet?.
　　B.当it作形式宾语时
　　eg.She made it clear that she had nothing to do with him.
　　C.当宾语从句前置时
　　eg.That our team will win，I believe.

explain是什么意思篇(三):2016年托福考试ibt真题解析

　　在已经过去的2016年托福考试中，ibt专区有哪些真题值得解析的呢?为此百分网小编为大家解析2016年托福考试的ibt专区真题。
　　2016年托福考试ibt真题：写作
　　T1：
　　Ø Topic：Peru沙漠里的一种地形Nazca lines，关于Nazca lines存在的三种理论
　　Ø 阅读1：作为astronomical calendar，去跟踪一些特殊的events，比如说冬至。也有发现表明它确实与一些天体有关系。
　　Ø 阅读2：for monumental arts, 总而彰显当地的文化和地位及重要性。就像埃及见金字塔一样。
　　Ø 阅读3：人们留下的足迹。有可能最为跑步的赛道。
　　Ø 听力1：阅读里没有提到有sky中很多天体这一事实， 所以阅读里所说的相关可能只是偶然。
　　Ø 听力2： 实际上这些lines 很大，只有在高空中才可以看到它的全貌，而如果站在附件的话，不能够进行识别，也不会给人留下深刻的印象。
　　Ø 听力3：这些lines有一些是images of animals, too complex for human’s footstep.另外听力推测，当地有宗教习惯是走一些不寻常的路径，所以有可能这些lines是religious ritual留下来的。
　　Ø Sample answer
　　The writer and the speaker have a debate on why Nazca Lines Images were created. The writer puts forward three theories, which are opposed by the following lecture.
　　First, the writer claims that they are astronomical calendar, because there is relationship between images and planets/stars. While the speaker views this issue from an opposite angle, according to him/her, in fact, images and astronomical events do not match vastly. Since there are numerous stars in the sky, only a small part of images match astronomical planets just by chance.
　　Secondly, the passage states that people in Peru want to use Nazca Lines images to show off their cultures and achievements. However, the speaker casts doubt on this opinion by saying that the Nazca lines are so huge, so that people can only see it above high level. Images will be impressive when seen from overhead. Pyramids are impressive because they are huge and tall.
　　Last, the writer argues that the images are used for racetracks. By contrast, in accordance with the speaker, this claim does not hold water. When travelling, people can use more convenient Mark, such as tree. Some images like spiders and monkeys are too complex for people to track. Besides, it is more likely that the images are used in rituals. Religious ceremonies include walking.
　　T2：
　　Ø 原题：The government can take a variety of actions to help protect the environment. Which one of the following do you think is the most important for the nation’s government to take to protect the environment.
　　1. Fund the research to develop environmentally friendly energy sources such as solar and
　　wind energy.
　　2. Preserve the natural places like forests and protect the animals that live there.
　　3. Enforce laws to prevent the pollution of air and water by large companies.
　　Ø Sample answer
　　Taking a panoramic view of human history, we can readily find that the natural environment plays an enormously important role in determining the future of each and every country. Given the great significance of clean environment, the general public as well as the governors begin to wonder which one is the most essential action to protect the environment among the following three options: funding new energy research, preserving natural habitat or enacting strict laws. Towards such a long-running tug-of-war, I am inclined to argue that national governments should invest financial support in developing new energy sources.
　　Initially, spending more money in discovering new energy can radically solve the various environmental problems. As is common sense, the deteriorating environment is the result of the overexploitation of fossil fuels, including coal, oil and natural gas. To be specific, numerous chemical plants usually burn the coal to provide power for manufacturing all kinds of goods designed to satisfy the basic needs of the general public. As a result, a large amounts of industrial wastes are discharged to take a toll on the natural environment. Also, an increasing number of petrol-powered automobiles will definitely emit car exhaust (e.g. fumes and toxic gas), which can increase the likelihood of the public suffering from respiratory diseases. All the above problems related to environment can be resolved by find new and clean energy like solar energy, wind power and tidal power. Undoubtedly, replacing the traditional energy with the new ones can dramatically decrease the pollution and contamination, thus leading to a better living environment. For example, once the cars uses the electricity instead of petrol, the air quality will improve to a large extent.
　　Secondly, there are conspicuous limitation of the other two options. As for preserving natural places, the effect of this practice is relatively restricted. To illustrate, the traditional energy sources are usually exploited and discovered in the natural places. Consequently, the preservation of natural places will hinder the access to various energy and thus impede the progress of the whole society. Also, the same logic applies to passing laws to reduce pollution. It is an indisputable fact that across the globe, many countries now are heavily dependent on the industries and factories which produce pollutions. In other words, once the law of punishing these companies is enforced, these corporation may have to cut down their output and make less profits, even ending up going bankrupt. Accordingly, the national economy and the living standard of the public will suffer too.
　　Factoring what has been discussed above, we can conclude that funding research of environmental friendly energy will be more preferable, because finding proper alternative energy is the key to solving the environmental problems comprehensively.
　　2016年托福考试ibt真题：听力
　　C1：
　　大意：学生想上Smith的中世纪的文学课，但是人数已满，学生问听力中的教授可不可以签字授权上Smith的课，教授说应该不行，因为Smith教授对政策很严格，除非有人放弃课程。后来教授问她是不是对中世纪文学很感兴趣，学会说不是因为感兴趣，而是因为学业要求，教授说他有一门英国文学课也是中世纪的。学生问她怎么没看到，教授回答是因为改时间了。学生最后问晚不晚，教授说现在报名不晚。
　　L1：
　　大意：关于Script, 讲Script代表着口头语言的文字信息。但是破译(decipher)Script是一项很费事的工作。后来引入Ugaritic tablet, 这个概念应该表示一种Script，后面重点讲解对它的破译。首先解释了Ugaritic 有两类，涉及到30 symbols. 它与其他语言的关系主要体现在和Ancient Hebrew存在关联(重点!!!)对它的破译用到five axes, 好像是结果只破译了4个symbols.而且这种人工破译耗时非常久。后来发明了一种电脑项目来破译，只需要几个小时，这种破译采取两种方法，一个是与letters顺序有关，一个是words structure.后来表示教授的态度，他认为传统破译法不成功，而这种电脑破译在建立语言的关联性上是有突破性进展的。
　　L2：
　　大意：讲的是star对于planet起着支撑作用，planet有outward pressure 和inward pressure(即重力)从而形成平衡，后面主要讲的是star消亡之后就会变成white dwarf, star在消亡的时候会expand,并且regiant,而且会释放热量，但是比太阳释放的少，后面引入Pulsar的概念，讲的是died Pulsar.在消亡的时候会爆炸。
　　C2：
　　大意：一个学生到教授这里找兼职，教授说共有二十多种兼职，但是很多已经被选了，学生感到很惊讶，为什么这么快，教授解释说因为她上周没有来。教授说有两种工作现在她可以选择，一个是bookstores position,但这个工作是比较routine的工作，另一个工作是电脑操作的工作，但是这个比较demanding，要求一些电脑技巧，学生回应说高中的时候有做过志愿者工作，是关于操作电脑的，所以对她来讲不难。后来教授就给了她一个电话号码，应该是让她打个电话准备面试。
　　L3：
　　大意：新的物种迁徙到某地的时候会影响到当地的生态系统，后面重点讲的是，澳大利亚草类入侵。一些人在移居澳大利亚的时候带来的new grass,但是这些new grass不能适应当地的极端的环境。但是专家却很喜欢这些新草类，以为当地的草类受到破坏。后来问题是，这些新草类就像杂草，对当地的草构成威胁(crow out the native species), 因此当地政府鼓励民众种植对农业有帮助的草，于是他们种植了一种叫weeping grass的草，是因为它含有大量的蛋白质(protein)。农民并且将其引到市场上，这种草的优点：1. Hardy 2. Deep routs, 有望发展成为 pasture grass.
　　L4：
　　大意：讲的是film history， 上节课讲的是Classical movies, 这节课重点讲的是Naturalism,他的先驱是William Bloch, 特点的是要求对每一句台词都要非常认真严肃，在讲完每一句台词时都要停下来，目的是酝酿下一句台词。在Naturalism之前，只需要排练三次，但是这个Naturalism，要排练二十多天，而且每次排练完还要准备。后面讲，Bloch是受到电影 Church and organ中女主表演的影响，她在表演的时候音调多样化，深情并茂的，每一句台词后都会停顿。但这部电影里还有一个男演员，主要利用手势表达感情，体现了classical的结合。
　　C3：
　　大意：鸟的迁徙。男student: Professor, I hope to discuss my term paper with you. I got stuck in writing the paper on bird migration. I have difficulties in finding enough materials about bird migration. (老师，今儿，我想跟你说说我的学期论文的事儿。我卡住了，找不到这方面的资料。)
　　女Professor: You can’t find enough material on bird migration?(语调上扬，最后一题，重听题的考点。)
　　男student: I want to write about early bird migration.( 要写的paper是关于古代鸟类迁徙的，所以资料不够。)
　　女Professor: “哦你确实找到了一个好的题目，但是你要知道我的要求是你们的论文要反映你们这学期学了什么。”
　　男 student: 想写关于Aristotle关于这个题目的看法 etc.
　　女 Professor: I want you to apply what you’ve learned to your paper. (希望他们运用所学知识研究来完成paper.) 不要只是做 summary or description. 我想要看到你的special analysis.
　　男 student: 但是，我觉得我找的资料中有错误的。 (I think ….wrong)这就是为什么我不想用资料。
　　女 Professor: 你不要完全放弃以前找的资料(discard). 你可以换种想法，用rational 的方式。这就是我们说的critical thinking，不一定非要同意资料。可以写以前的(historically) old theory, 然后现在的这些新研究 (current research) 如何支持(support)或者驳斥这些theory.
　　男 student: 我想可以写bird migrate at night。人们大多只看到大鸟，所以认为小鸟在大鸟的翅膀下迁徙什么的，其实新发现是因为小鸟晚上飞(通过说这个topic来验证自己理解了老师的意图change the topic from ancient to recent)
　　女 Professor: That shows your thinking. (对，这样就是我们需要的思考能力)
　　男 student: 我想写一种不迁徙而是冬眠的鸟。I want to write about the birds that do not migrate. They hibernate during winter.
　　女 Professor: 如果我是你，我就不会在一份15页的论文中写这么多。(If I were you , I would not….. The paper is 15 pages…)不过，想法挺不错。建议你以后每周(in a week)都来找我，看一下他写论文的新的方向(new direction)进行得如何。
　　L5
　　大意：:教授一开始就介绍植物分类，提到分类中的species种，genus属，order目。说植物的classification 很难，一些特性比较特殊的植物特别是这个样子。提出植物的分类不能完全依靠它flower的形态和特性。提到Rafflesia(大王花)，开花石会散发腐臭的味道，以吸引蝇类传播花粉。但是Indonesia有一种植物M，它的flower很特别，超级大(图片显示它的直径有一个手臂这么长，颜色为绛红)，有难闻的味道，最后发现他们不是一个order 的。
　　大王花生长在很恶劣的环境中，其它的植物都不能生长(题目一：它生长在什么样的环境当中?) 这种植物有食物的来源，但是它还是会抓insect吃，因为它不能从土壤中得到足够的营养，所以要通过这种方式来获取所需的营养(题目二：为什么吃虫?)
　　然后教授说了它怎么抓虫的。经过很长时间的研究，专家发现它和violet(紫罗兰)、willow(柳树) 等是属于一个order的，后提到幼时的violet，也会散发那种smell的。
　　提到共存(考题)。另一种南美洲的植物和它是同一目的，但是花很小，味道也不难闻，与蓝莓共生coherent。学生提问不能测DNA吗，教授说这种大花基本不进行光合作用，没法提取一般植物能提取到的DNA。在DNA分析技术成熟之前根本无法将他们并为同类，由于他们的特征差异太大。
　　教授还提到这种植物的交配不易，其一气味难闻致使传蜜的动物不易接近，其二它每年只开一次花，且花分雌雄。所以要这么多先天条件凑齐不易，所以很少有人有机会看到开花的全过程(考题)。结论，不可以貌取人。
　　后来又讲了这种花很有可能灭绝，原因是要fly帮忙运花粉，要同种的花在一起等等，要这些条件同时发生，是小概率事件。
　　L6 ：
　　大意：Ragtime介绍了一种流行于美国19世纪左右名为ragtime的音乐，能够表现年青人的活力(spirit of youth)之类的，此乐流行是由于piano的关系，因为两者真是太搭配了。在那个年代，在各种场合都用钢琴。此乐当时流行程度和Rock & Roll在某一时期一样(这里出现考点)。
　　女学生说了一堆后，来了一句 I just don’t get it，意思是要教授explain，还说piano 之所以当时那么受欢迎，一是因为它能与音律产生和谐，另一是因为当时它算一种财富地位的象征symbol of wealth and status。再加上，那个年代，大家都没钱，就去public concert or restaurant听音乐，而piano声音够响亮，又和ragtime music rhythm搭配的天衣无缝，所以，两者相得益彰这个音乐年轻人很喜欢，因为很有激情。除了流动演出，park演出等不用钢琴，因为难搬(出现考点)because of transportation problem。 同时，ragtime也是 jazz的前身，因为演奏者不按牌理出牌，一首曲七个人弹，弹出七种调。这种ragtime音乐影响很远啊，例如现在的jazz就是从那发展来的。
　　托福听力的备考攻略
　　1.托福听力记笔记
　　对于有过托福考试经验的同学来说，近年来托福考试中变化最大的部分可能就是听力部分了。除了更长的听力时间、更难的文章深度以外，光是先听再做盲听的模式就够很多考生头疼的了。正是因为有了这些原因所以托福听力笔记这个方法大家就更不能弃用，而且还要把它用好，平时练习的时候可以不限于听力真题的音频来练习，可以通过SSS、科学美国人、VOA等资料来练习记笔记，效果应该会很明显。
　　2.托福听力对话备考策略
　　托福听力考试有两种音频形式即对话和讲座，对于这两部分内容中，校园对话通常被认为是最容易拿高分的部分，所以这可以做为考生前期备考托福的突破口。但某些考生往往在备考中后期发现，对话的正确率往往又成为他们冲击听力高分过程中的绊脚石。所以考生需要从对话的考察点和相应备考重点2个方面进行备考，旨在帮助大家突破听力对话瓶颈，为听力部分得分打下坚实的基础。
　　3.托福听力讲座备考策略
　　托福听力考试中有4篇讲座内容，很多同学在这部分失分最为严重。提到讲座，学生普遍想到的第一个感触就是：充满着专业术语和长难句，文段六分钟走神七八次。下面，笔者会带着大家一起走进托福听力的讲座，从三个方面逐个攻破这一“世纪难题”。要知道托福听力的讲座就如同大部分的学术文章，是遵循一定的逻辑顺序的。把握好一篇学术文章的逻辑框架，会使我们听力的时候重点更突出，有时甚至能帮我们直接定位出关键词来答题，这就是众多听力老师所强调的“结构听力法”。

本文来源：http://www.jinghuajt.com/chuzhongzuowen/29812/